/* ===== CSS VARIABLES ===== */
:root {
    /* Modern, gentle palette for light mode - Brown aesthetic */
    --bg-main: #f5f1eb; /* light cream */
    --bg-section: #faf7f2; /* very light cream for sections */
    --text-main: #2d1b0e; /* deep brown for strong contrast */
    --text-muted: #5d4a3a; /* muted brown for secondary text */
    --link: #644117; /* strong brown for links (updated) */
    --link-hover: #7a5220; /* slightly brighter brown for hover (based on #644117) */
    --accent: #e8dcc8; /* soft cream highlight */
    --divider: #d4c4a8;
    --highlight: #f8f4e8;
    /* Typography */
    --font-primary: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    --font-secondary: 'Poppins', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    --font-size-xs: 0.75rem;
    --font-size-sm: 0.875rem;
    --font-size-base: 1rem;
    --font-size-lg: 1.125rem;
    --font-size-xl: 1.35rem;
    --font-size-2xl: 1.7rem;
    --font-size-3xl: 2.1rem;
    --font-size-4xl: 2.5rem;
    --font-size-5xl: 3.2rem;
    /* Spacing */
    --spacing-xs: 0.5rem;
    --spacing-sm: 1rem;
    --spacing-md: 1.5rem;
    --spacing-lg: 2rem;
    --spacing-xl: 3rem;
    --spacing-2xl: 4rem;
    /* Border Radius */
    --radius-sm: 0.375rem;
    --radius-md: 0.5rem;
    --radius-lg: 0.75rem;
    --radius-xl: 1rem;
    /* Transitions */
    --transition-fast: 0.2s ease;
    --transition-normal: 0.3s ease;
    --transition-slow: 0.5s ease;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --bg-main: #2d1b0e; /* deep brown */
    --bg-section: #1a1108; /* even deeper brown for sections */
    --text-main: #f7f5e6; /* cream for high contrast */
    --text-muted: #e0e0c2; /* lighter cream for secondary text */
    --link: #644117; /* strong brown for links (updated) */
    --link-hover: #a67c52; /* lighter brown for hover in dark mode */
    --accent: #5d4a3a; /* muted brown for accents */
    --divider: #4a3a2c;
    --highlight: #3c2a1a;
  }
}

/* ===== RESET & BASE STYLES ===== */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    font-size: 16px;
    -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
    -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-primary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-main);
    background: var(--bg-main);
    transition: background 0.3s, color 0.3s;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

nav, .navbar, .nav-container {
  background: var(--bg-main);
  color: var(--text-main);
  font-family: inherit;
}

/* ===== LOADING SCREEN ===== */
#loading-screen {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: var(--bg-main);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    z-index: 9999;
    transition: opacity var(--transition-slow);
}

.loader {
    text-align: center;
}

.loader-circle {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border: 3px solid var(--divider);
    border-top: 3px solid var(--link);
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
    margin: 0 auto var(--spacing-md);
}

@keyframes spin {
    0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* ===== NAVIGATION ===== */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider);
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: all var(--transition-normal);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .navbar {
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.95);
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    height: 70px;
}

.nav-logo a {
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--link);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-logo a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-link {
    color: var(--link);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: color 0.2s, border-bottom 0.2s;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}

.nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--link-hover);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--link-hover);
}

.nav-link::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--link);
    transition: width var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-link:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.5rem;
}

.bar {
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--text-main);
    margin: 3px 0;
    transition: var(--transition-fast);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* Remove theme-toggle styles */

/* ===== HERO SECTION ===== */
.hero {
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-main) 0%, var(--bg-section) 100%);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
    width: 100%;
}

.hero-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: center;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-5xl);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.highlight {
    color: var(--link);
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.highlight::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--accent);
    animation: highlight 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes highlight {
    0%, 100% { transform: scaleX(1); }
    50% { transform: scaleX(1.1); }
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
    min-height: 48px;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: var(--link);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: #6b3e1a;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.15);
}

.btn-secondary {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--link);
    border: 2px solid var(--link);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: var(--link);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.hero-image {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.profile-image {
    width: 300px;
    height: 300px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transition: transform var(--transition-normal);
}

.profile-image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.scroll-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    animation: bounce 2s infinite;
}

.scroll-arrow {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border: 2px solid var(--link);
    border-top: none;
    border-left: none;
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}

@keyframes bounce {
    0%, 20%, 50%, 80%, 100% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); }
    40% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px); }
    60% { transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-5px); }
}

/* ===== SECTIONS ===== */
section {
    padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
}

.section-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-4xl);
    font-weight: 700;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    color: var(--text-main);
    position: relative;
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -10px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--link);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* ===== ABOUT SECTION ===== */
.about-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: center;
    background: var(--bg-section);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.07);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.about-text p {
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    line-height: 1.7;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.about-stats {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.stat {
    text-align: center;
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    background: var(--bg-section);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.stat:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.stat h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-3xl);
    color: var(--link);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.stat p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.about-banner {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transition: transform var(--transition-normal);
}

.about-banner:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* ===== PROJECTS SECTION ===== */
.project-filters {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.filter-btn {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-lg);
    border: 2px solid var(--link);
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--link);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: var(--font-size-base);
}

.filter-btn.active,
.filter-btn:hover {
    background: var(--link);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.project-card {
    background: var(--bg-section);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all var(--transition-normal);
    border: 1px solid var(--divider);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.project-card strong {
    color: var(--link);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.project-card a {
    color: var(--link);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.project-card a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.project-card ul {
    margin: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.project-card li {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.project-card img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
    transition: opacity var(--transition-normal);
}

/* ===== SKILLS SECTION ===== */
.skills {
    background: var(--bg-section);
    padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
}

.skills-main {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.skills-main h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.skills-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0;
}

.skills-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-main);
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: var(--bg-main);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 2px solid var(--divider);
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.skills-list li:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.15);
    border-color: var(--link);
}

.skills-list span {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.skills-content {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.skills-category {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    background: var(--bg-main);
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 1px solid var(--divider);
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.skills-category:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.1);
}

.skills-category h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
    color: var(--link);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    font-weight: 600;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent);
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.skills-category ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
    list-style-type: disc;
}

.skills-category li {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.skills-category li:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Responsive adjustments for skills */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .skills-list {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .skills-list li {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 250px;
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .skills-category {
        padding: var(--spacing-md);
    }
    
    .skills-category h3 {
        font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .skills-list li {
        font-size: var(--font-size-base);
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    }
    
    .skills-list span {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .skills-category {
        padding: var(--spacing-sm);
    }
}

/* ===== EXPERIENCE SECTION ===== */
.timeline {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 2px;
    background: var(--link);
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.timeline-item {
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(odd) .timeline-content {
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 50%;
    text-align: right;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(even) .timeline-content {
    margin-left: 50%;
    margin-right: 0;
    text-align: left;
}

.timeline-content {
    background: var(--bg-section);
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    position: relative;
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.timeline-content:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.timeline-content::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 20px;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    background: var(--link);
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 4px solid var(--bg-main);
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(odd) .timeline-content::before {
    right: -60px;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(even) .timeline-content::before {
    left: -60px;
}

.timeline-date {
    color: var(--link);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.timeline-content h3 {
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.timeline-content h4 {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.timeline-content p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ===== CONTACT SECTION ===== */
.contact-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-info {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
    background: var(--bg-section);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    transition: transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.contact-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.contact-item i {
    font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
    color: var(--link);
}

.contact-item h3 {
    color: var(--text-main);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.contact-item p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
}

.contact-link {
    color: var(--link);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-fast);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.contact-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Mobile optimization for contact links */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .contact-link {
        display: inline-block;
        padding: 0.25rem 0;
        min-height: 44px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
    }
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.social-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: var(--link);
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
}

.social-link:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* ===== FOOTER ===== */
.footer {
    background: var(--bg-main);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    text-align: center;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--divider);
}

.footer p {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin: 0;
}

/* ===== BACK TO TOP ===== */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: var(--link);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    z-index: 1000;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.back-to-top.show {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ===== UTILITY CLASSES ===== */
.text-center { text-align: center; }

.mb-1 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs); }
.mb-2 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm); }
.mb-3 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); }
.mb-4 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg); }
.mb-5 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl); }

.mt-1 { margin-top: var(--spacing-xs); }
.mt-2 { margin-top: var(--spacing-sm); }
.mt-3 { margin-top: var(--spacing-md); }
.mt-4 { margin-top: var(--spacing-lg); }
.mt-5 { margin-top: var(--spacing-xl); }

/* ===== ACCESSIBILITY IMPROVEMENTS ===== */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }
}

/* Focus styles for accessibility */
.nav-link:focus,
.btn:focus,
.filter-btn:focus,
.social-link:focus,
.back-to-top:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--link);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* High contrast mode support */
@media (prefers-contrast: high) {
    :root {
        --link: #000000;
        --text-main: #000000;
        --bg-main: #ffffff;
        --divider: #000000;
    }
    
    [data-theme="dark"] {
        --link: #ffffff;
        --text-main: #ffffff;
        --bg-main: #000000;
        --divider: #ffffff;
    }
}

/* Print styles */
@media print {
    .navbar,
    .nav-toggle,
    .theme-toggle,
    .back-to-top,
    .social-links {
        display: none !important;
    }
    
    .hero {
        min-height: auto;
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .project-card:hover,
    .skill-item:hover,
    .timeline-content:hover,
    .contact-item:hover,
    .social-link:hover,
    .btn:hover,
    .stat:hover,
    .about-banner:hover,
    .profile-image:hover,
    .project-image:hover {
        transform: none !important;
    }
} 

.projects-section {
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}
.projects-section:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.projects-section h2,
.featured-projects h2,
.hardware-projects h2,
.software-projects h2,
.research-projects h2 {
  margin-top: 4.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.2rem;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--link);
  padding-bottom: 0.4rem;
  background: none;
  color: var(--text-main);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
} 

.project-spacer {
  height: 2.2rem;
} 

.project-item {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.project-item:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.project-item ul {
  margin-top: 0.5em;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-left: 1.5em;
  list-style-type: disc;
}

.project-item li {
  margin-bottom: 0.3em;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--text-main);
}

.project-item li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.projects-section a,
.project-item a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: underline;
  font-weight: 700;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--link);
  transition: color 0.2s, border-bottom 0.2s;
}

.projects-section a:hover,
.project-item a:hover {
  color: var(--link-hover);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--link-hover);
  text-decoration: underline;
} 

/* Clean, semantic styles for projects section */
.projects {
  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.projects h2 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin: 2.5rem 0 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.project-item {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.project-item h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--link);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.project-item h3 a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: color 0.2s, border-bottom 0.2s;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}

.project-item h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--link-hover);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--link-hover);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.project-item p {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-main);
}

.project-item ul {
  background: var(--bg-section); /* match About section background */
  border-radius: 0.5em;
  padding: 0.75em 1.25em;
  margin: 0.5em 0 0;
}

.project-item li {
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--text-main);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Section spacing */
.featured-projects,
.hardware-projects,
.software-projects,
.research-projects {
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* Section divider/highlight */
.section-divider {
  background: var(--divider);
  height: 2px;
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
  border: none;
}

/* Mobile responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .projects {
    padding: 2rem 0.5rem;
  }
  
  .projects h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .project-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
  }
  
  .project-item {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  }
} 

@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .nav-menu {
    position: fixed;
    left: -100%;
    top: 70px;
    flex-direction: column;
    background-color: var(--bg-main);
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    transition: left 0.3s;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-medium);
    padding: 2rem 0;
    height: calc(100vh - 70px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    z-index: 999;
    gap: 2rem;
    display: flex;
  }
  .nav-menu.active {
    left: 0;
  }
  .nav-toggle {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    z-index: 1001;
  }
  .nav-link {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    border-bottom: none;
  }
} 

/* ===== CERTIFICATIONS SECTION ===== */
.certifications {
  background: var(--bg-section);
  padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.07);
}
.certifications .section-title {
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--text-main);
  font-size: var(--font-size-4xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}
.certifications ul {
  background: var(--bg-section);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-lg);
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 700px;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 6px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.04);
}
.certifications li {
  color: var(--text-main);
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.certifications li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
} 

/* ===== PROJECT IMAGES ===== */
.project-images {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.project-image {
    max-width: 300px;
    max-height: 200px;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.1);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    background: var(--bg-section);
    border: 1px solid var(--divider);
}

.project-image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.2);
}

/* Responsive adjustments for project images */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .project-images {
        gap: 1rem;
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }
    
    .project-image {
        max-width: 250px;
        max-height: 150px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .project-images {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .project-image {
        max-width: 100%;
        max-height: 180px;
    }
}

/* Loading state for images */
.project-image {
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.project-image.loaded {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Error fallback for images */
.project-image[src*="placeholder"] {
    background: var(--bg-section);
    min-height: 150px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    border: 2px dashed var(--divider);
}

.project-image[src*="placeholder"]::before {
    content: 'Image not available';
} 

/* === Technical Skills Icons Row === */
.skills-icons-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.skill-icon-label {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 1.7rem;
  min-width: 120px;
}
.skill-icon-label span:last-child {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-main);
}
.skill-libraries {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  opacity: 0.85;
  text-align: center;
}
.skill-libraries li {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .skills-icons-row {
    gap: 1.2rem;
  }
  .skill-icon-label {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    min-width: 90px;
  }
  .skill-libraries {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
  }
} 

.project-nav-link {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.5em 1.2em;
  border-radius: 2em;
  transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
  margin: 0 0.2em;
  display: inline-block;
}
.project-nav-link:hover, .project-nav-link:focus {
  color: var(--link-hover);
  background: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}